White-Tooth Socializing and Black-Tooth Civilization
—interveiw with Cao Yu


The precariousness of identity will metastasise to class structure. Anthropologist Cao Yu regards betel nuts as an addictive that bridges the historical trajectories of various ethnic groups. From the fluid subgroups in the Southern islands to the empire of the continental states, the pronunciation and functions of betel nuts differ from human activities and social transformation. The transition implies the establishment and segregation of social classes in different eras.